Yayin aiki a kowane tsarin aiki, wani lokacin akwai buƙatar amfani da kayan aikin don samun takamaiman fayil ɗin da sauri. Hakanan ya dace da Linux, don haka a ƙasa zamuyi la'akari da duk hanyoyin da za a bi don bincika fayiloli a cikin wannan OS. Dukansu kayan aikin mai sarrafa fayil da kuma umarnin da aka yi amfani da su a ciki "Terminal".
Karanta kuma:
Sake sunaye a cikin Linux
Createirƙiri da share fayiloli a Linux
Terminal
Idan kana buƙatar saita sigogi na bincike mai yawa don nemo fayil ɗin da ake so, to umarnin nema ba makawa. Kafin kayi la'akari da duk bambance-bambancen sa, ya kamata ka shiga yanayin da za .u. Optionsukan. Gaskiyar magana tana da abubuwa:
nemo hanyar zabi
ina hanya - Wannan ne kundin adireshin da binciken zai gudana. Akwai manyan zaɓuɓɓuka guda uku don tantance hanyar:
- / - Binciko a cikin tushen da kuma kusa da kundin adireshi;
- ~ - bincika a cikin kundin adireshin gida;
- ./ - bincika a cikin kundin adireshi wanda a yanzu mai amfani yake.
Hakanan zaka iya tantance hanyar kai tsaye zuwa ga directory ɗin da fayil ɗin yake da tabbacin akwai.
Zaɓuɓɓuka a nema da yawa, kuma yana godiya a gare su cewa zaku iya gudanar da sauƙin bincike ta hanyar saita masu canji masu mahimmanci:
- -sunan - gudanar da bincike, ɗauka a matsayin tushen asalin abin da ake so;
- -zaman - bincika fayilolin da suka shafi takamaiman mai amfani;
- -rarwa - bincika takamaiman rukuni na masu amfani;
- -akwai - nuna fayiloli tare da yanayin damar da aka ƙayyade;
- -size n - bincika gwargwadon girman abin;
- -mimi + n -n - bincika fayilolin da suka canza ƙarin (+ n) ko lessasa da (-n) kwanakin baya;
- -type - bincika fayilolin wani nau'in.
Akwai nau'ikan abubuwa da yawa da ake buƙata. Ga jerin su:
- b - toshewa;
- f - talakawa;
- p - mai suna bututu
- d - kasida;
- l - mahaɗi;
- s - soket;
- c - alama.
Bayan cikakken bincike game da ginin kalma da zabin umarnin nema Kuna iya zuwa kai tsaye zuwa misalai masu misalai. Saboda yawan zaɓuɓɓuka saboda amfani da umarnin, ba za a ba da misalai don duk masu canji ba, amma don yawan amfani.
Duba kuma: Shahararrun Dokokin Lissafi na Linux
Hanyar 1: Bincika ta suna (zaɓi - sunan zaɓi)
Mafi sau da yawa, masu amfani suna amfani da zaɓi don bincika tsarin. -sunan, saboda haka anan ne zamu fara. Bari mu kalli wasu misalai.
Bincika ta tsawaita
Bari mu ce kuna buƙatar nemo fayil tare da tsawo ".xlsx"located a cikin directory Dropbox. Don yin wannan, yi amfani da umarnin:
sami / gida / mai amfani / Dropbox -name "* .xlsx" -print
Daga yanayin maganarsa, zamu iya cewa binciken yana gudana ne a cikin jagorar Dropbox ("/ gida / mai amfani / Dropbox"), kuma abu da ake so dole ne ya kasance tare da fadada ".xlsx". Alamar alama tana nuna cewa za a yi bincike a duk fayilolin wannan fadada, ba tare da yin la'akari da sunan su ba. "-murar hannu" yana nuna cewa sakamakon binciken zai bayyana.
Misali:
Bincika ta sunan fayil
Misali, kuna son bincika a cikin kundin adireshi "/ gida" fayil tare da suna "Lumpics", amma ba a san tsawan sa ba. A wannan yanayin, yi masu zuwa:
sami ~ - suna "lumpics *" -print
Kamar yadda kake gani, ana amfani da alamar a nan "~", wanda ke nufin cewa binciken zai gudana a cikin kundin adireshin gida. Bayan zaɓi "-hausa" sunan fayil da kuke nema ("Lumpics *") Alamar alama a ƙarshen yana nufin cewa binciken zai gudana ne kawai da sunan, ban da haɓaka.
Misali:
Bincika ta farko harafin suna
Idan kun tuna harafin farko wanda sunan fayil ya fara, to akwai layin umarni na musamman wanda zai taimaka muku gano shi. Misali, kuna son nemo fayil wanda zai fara da harafi daga g a da "l", kuma ba ku sani ba a cikin wane kundin adireshin yake ba. Sannan kuna buƙatar gudanar da wannan umarni:
nemo /-suna "[g-l] *" -print
Yin hukunci da alamar "/", wanda ke zuwa nan da nan bayan babban umarni, za a gudanar da binciken daga farawa daga tushe, wato, a cikin tsarin gaba daya. Kashi na gaba "[g-l] *" yana nufin cewa kalmar bincike zata fara da takamaiman harafi. A cikin lamarinmu, daga g a da "l".
Af, idan kun san faɗin fayil ɗin, to, bayan halayyar "*" zaka iya tantance shi. Misali, kuna buƙatar nemo fayil iri ɗaya, amma kun san cewa yana da ƙarin ".odt". Sannan zaka iya amfani da wadannan umarni:
sami /-suna "[g-l] *. odt" -print
Misali:
Hanyar 2: Bincika ta hanyar samun dama (zaɓi zaɓi)
Wani lokaci ya zama dole a nemo wani abu wanda ba ku san sunan sa ba, amma ku san irin yanayin samun damar shiga. Sannan kuna buƙatar amfani da zaɓi "-haja".
Amfani da shi mai sauki ne, kawai kuna buƙatar ƙayyade wurin nema da yanayin samun dama. Ga misalin irin wannan umarnin:
nemo ~ -perm 775 -print
Wannan shine, ana gudanar da bincike a cikin sashin gida, kuma abubuwan da ake so zasu sami dama 775. Hakanan zaka iya rubuta harafin "-" a gabanin wannan lambar, sannan abubuwan da aka samo zasu sami ragowa izini daga sifili zuwa ƙayyadaddun darajar.
Hanyar 3: Bincika ta mai amfani ko rukuni (zaɓi zaɓi da -group)
Akwai masu amfani da rukuni a kowane tsarin aiki. Idan kana son neman abu wanda ya kasance daya daga cikin wadannan rukunan, zaka iya amfani da zabin "-zakarwa" ko "-gungun", bi da bi.
Nemo fayil ɗin ta sunan mai amfani
Misali, kuna buƙatar nemo a littafin Dropbox fayil "Lambobi", amma ba ku san abin da ake kira ba, amma kawai kun san cewa ta mai amfani ce "mai amfani". Sannan kuna buƙatar aiwatar da umarnin:
nemo / gida / mai amfani / Dropbox -mukatar mai amfani-sawar
A cikin wannan umarnin kun kayyade mahimman takaddun adireshin (/ gida / mai amfani / Dropbox), nuna cewa yana da mahimmanci don bincika fayil ɗin mallakar mai amfani (-zaman), kuma an nuna ga wanene mai amfani wannan fayil ɗin yake (mai amfani).
Misali:
Karanta kuma:
Yadda ake duba jerin masu amfani akan Linux
Yadda za a ƙara mai amfani ga rukuni a kan Linux
Nemo fayil ta sunan rukuni
Neman fayil ɗin wanda ke cikin takamaiman rukuni yana da sauƙi - kawai kuna buƙatar maye gurbin zaɓi "-zakarwa" akan zabi "-gungun" kuma nuna sunan wannan rukunin:
nemo / -ngupe bako -print
Wato, kun nuna cewa kuna son nemo cikin tsarin fayil fayil mai alaƙa da ƙungiyar "bako". Binciken zai faru a ko'ina cikin tsarin, kamar yadda alamar ta nuna "/".
Hanyar 4: Nemo fayil ta nau'in (zaɓi iri)
Nemo wani kashi a cikin Linux wani nau'in abu ne mai sauqi, kawai kuna buƙatar tantance zaɓin da ya dace (-type) kuma nuna nau'in. A farkon labarin, duk jerin nau'ikan abubuwan da za a iya amfani da su ake nema.
Misali, kana son nemo dukkan fayilolin toshe a cikin littafin gidanka. A wannan yanayin, umarninka zai yi kama da haka:
nemo ~ -birin sa-bamba
Dangane da hakan, kun nuna cewa kuna bincika nau'in fayil, kamar yadda zaɓi ya nuna "-type", sannan kuma ƙaddara nau'inta ta hanyar sanya alamar fayil mai toshe - "b".
Misali:
Ta hanya guda, zaku iya nuna duk kundayen adireshi a cikin kundin da ake so ta shigar da alama a cikin umarnin "d":
nemo / gida / mai amfani-da-d -print
Hanyar 5: Nemo fayil ta girman (zaɓi zaɓi)
Idan daga duk bayanan game da fayil ɗin da kuka san girmansa kawai, to wannan ma yana iya isa ya same shi. Misali, idan kana son nemo fayil na MB MB guda 120 a cikin takamaiman directory, yi mai zuwa:
nemo / gida / mai amfani / Dropbox -size 120M -print
Misali:
Duba kuma: Yadda zaka gano girman babban fayil a Linux
Kamar yadda kake gani, fayil ɗin da muke buƙata an samo shi. Amma idan baku san abin da directory take ba, zaku iya bincika tsarin baki ɗaya ta hanyar tantance tushen tushe a farkon umarnin:
sami / -size 120M -print
Misali:
Idan kun san girman fayil ɗin kusan, to, akwai umarni na musamman game da wannan harka. Kuna buƙatar yin rajista a ciki "Terminal" iri ɗaya, kafin girman fayil ɗin "-" (idan kuna buƙatar nemo fayiloli ƙasa da girman da aka ƙayyade) ko "+" (idan girman fayil ɗin da aka bincika zai fi wanda aka ƙayyade). Ga misalin irin wannan umarnin:
nemo / gida / mai amfani / Dropbox + 100M -print
Misali:
Hanyar 6: Bincika fayil ɗin ta hanyar gyarawa (zaɓi zaɓi)
Akwai wasu lokuta da suka fi dacewa don bincika fayil a ranar da aka canza ta. A Linux, ana amfani da zaɓi don wannan. "-mmina". Yin amfani da shi mai sauƙi ne, la'akari da komai tare da misali.
Bari mu ce a cikin babban fayil "Hotunan" muna buƙatar nemo abubuwan da aka gama canje-canje a kwanakin 15 da suka gabata. Ga abin da kuke buƙatar rajista a ciki "Terminal":
nemo / gida / mai amfani / Hotunan-hotunan -15 -15
Misali:
Kamar yadda kake gani, wannan zabin yana nuna ba kawai fayilolin da suka canza tsawon lokacin da aka ƙayyade ba, har ma manyan fayiloli. Yana aiki ta fuskar akasin haka - zaka iya nemo abubuwan da aka canza daga baya fiye da lokacin da aka ƙayyade. Don yin wannan, shigar da alama a gaban darajar dijital "+":
nemo / gida / mai amfani / Hotunan-hotuna +10 -print
GUI
Zane-zane mai zane yana sauƙaƙa rayuwa don masu farawa waɗanda suka shigar da sabbin Linux. Wannan hanyar binciken tana kama da wacce aka aiwatar a cikin Windows, kodayake bazai iya bayar da duk fa'idodin da yake bayarwa ba "Terminal". Amma da farko abubuwa farko. Don haka, bari mu kalli yadda ake bincika fayiloli a Linux ta amfani da keɓaɓɓiyar dubawa ta tsarin.
Hanyar 1: Bincika ta menu na tsarin
Yanzu za muyi la'akari da wata hanya don bincika fayiloli ta menu menu na Linux. Za'a aiwatar da ayyukan ne a cikin rarraba Ubuntu 16.04 LTS, duk da haka, umarnin yana kowa da kowa.
Dubi kuma: Yadda za a gano sashin rarraba Linux
Bari mu ce kuna buƙatar nemo fayiloli a cikin tsarin a ƙarƙashin sunan Nemo ni, akwai kuma wadannan fayiloli guda biyu a cikin tsarin: daya a tsari ".txt"na biyun kuma ".odt". Don nemansu, dole ne a fara dannawa gunkin menu (1), kuma a cikin na musamman filin shigar da abu (2) saka nema Nemo ni.
Sakamakon bincike yana nuna inda aka nuna fayilolin da ake so.
Amma idan da akwai irin waɗannan fayiloli da yawa a cikin tsarin kuma dukkansu suna da kari, to binciken zai zama mafi rikitarwa. Don ware fayilolin da ba dole ba, alal misali, shirye-shirye, a cikin sakamakon, ya fi kyau a yi amfani da matata.
Tana zaune a gefen dama na menu. Zaku iya tace ta hanyar sharudda biyu: "Kategorien" da "Sofofin". Faɗa waɗannan jerin abubuwa biyu ta danna kan kibiya kusa da sunan kuma cire zaɓi daga abubuwan da ba dole ba a cikin menu. A wannan yanayin, zai fi kyau a bar bincike kawai Fayiloli da manyan fayiloli, tunda muna neman daidai fayilolin.
Nan da nan za ku iya lura da ɓarnawar wannan hanyar - ba za ku iya saita matatun nan dalla-dalla ba, kamar yadda yake cikin "Terminal". Don haka, idan kuna neman rubutun rubutu tare da wasu suna, za'a iya nuna hotuna, manyan fayiloli, ɗakunan ajiya, da dai sauransu a cikin sakamakon binciken Amma idan kun san ainihin sunan fayil ɗin da kuke buƙata, da sauri za ku iya nemo shi ba tare da bincika hanyoyi da yawa na umarnin ba "Nemi".
Hanyar 2: Bincika ta mai sarrafa fayil
Hanya ta biyu tana da fa'ida sosai. Amfani da kayan aikin mai sarrafa fayil, zaku iya bincika kundin adireshin da aka ƙayyade.
Yin wannan aiki mai sauki ne. Kuna buƙatar a cikin mai sarrafa fayil, a cikin yanayinmu Nautilus, don shigar da babban fayil ɗin da fayil ɗin da kuke nema yana zaune kuma danna "Bincika"located a cikin sama kusurwar dama na taga.
A cikin shigarwar da ya bayyana, kana buƙatar shigar da sunan fayil ɗin da aka kiyasta. Hakanan kar a manta cewa ana iya aiwatar da binciken ba da sunan fayil ɗin gaba ɗaya ba, amma ta ɓangaren sa, kamar yadda aka nuna a misalin da ke ƙasa.
Kamar yadda a cikin hanyar da ta gabata, a cikin wannan daidai hanya ɗaya zaka iya amfani da matattara. Don buɗe shi, danna maballin tare da alamar "+"located a gefen dama na filin shigar da tambayar nema. Subarin menu zai buɗe wanda zaka iya zaɓar nau'in fayil ɗin da ake so daga jerin zaɓi.
Kammalawa
Daga abubuwan da muka gabata, zamu iya yanke shawara cewa ga bincike mai sauri akan tsarin, hanya ta biyu, dangane da amfani da kerar mai hoto, cikakke. Idan kana buƙatar saita sigogi masu yawa na bincike, to umurnin zai zama babu makawa nema a ciki "Terminal".
