ART ko Dalvik a kan Android - menene, wanda ya fi kyau, yadda za a iya ba da dama

02/25/2014 wayoyin hannu

Google ya gabatar da sabon lokacin aiki a matsayin wani bangare na sabuntawar Android 4.4 KitKat. Yanzu, ban da na’urar Dalvik kama-da-wane, na'urori na zamani tare da masu sarrafa Snapdragon suna da damar da za su zaɓi yanayin ART. (Idan kun isa ga wannan labarin don koyon yadda ake kunna ART akan Android, gungura zuwa ƙarshen, ana ba da wannan bayanin a can).

Me ake nufi da aikace-aikacen aikace-aikace kuma a ina ne injin na zamani zai yi da shi? A cikin Android, don gudanar da aikace-aikacen da zazzagewa azaman fayilolin APK (kuma waɗanda ba a haɗa lambar ba), ana amfani da injin Dalvik kama-da-wane (ta tsohuwa, a wannan lokacin a lokacin) kuma ayyukan tattarawa sun faɗi akan sa.

A cikin injin Dalvik kama-da-wane, ana amfani da hanyar Just-In-Time (JIT) don tara aikace-aikace, wanda ke nuna hada kai tsaye a farawa ko yayin wasu ayyukan mai amfani. Wannan na iya haifar da tsawon lokacin jira lokacin fara aikace-aikacen, "birkunan", ƙarin amfani da RAM.

Babban bambanci tsakanin yanayin ART

ART (Android RunTime) sabon abu ne, duk da haka na gwaji ne mai ƙira, wanda aka gabatar a cikin Android 4.4 kuma zaka iya ba shi damar kawai a cikin saitunan mai haɓaka (za a nuna a ƙasa yadda ake yin wannan).

Babban bambanci tsakanin ART da Dalvik shine tsarin AOT (Ahead-of-Time) yayin gudanar da aikace-aikacen, wanda a cikin sharuddan gabaɗaya yana nufin pre-hada aikace-aikacen da aka shigar: saboda haka, farkon shigar da aikace-aikacen zai dauki lokaci mai tsawo, zasu karɓi sararin samaniya a cikin ajiyar na'urar ta Android. , duk da haka, ƙaddamarwarsu mai zuwa za su faru da sauri (an riga an tsara shi), kuma ƙarami amfani da processor da RAM saboda buƙatar sake haɓakawa na iya, a cikin ka'idar, haifar da ƙarancin amfani makamashi.

A matsayin gaskiya kuma wanne ne mafi kyawu, ART ko Dalvik?

Akwai kwatankwacin halaye masu yawa na aikin na'urorin Android a cikin mahallin biyu a Intanet, kuma sakamakon ya banbanta. Ofayan mafi girman sha'awar kuma cikakkun bayanai masu irin wannan gwaji ana samun su a androidpolice.com (Turanci):

• wasan kwaikwayon a cikin ART da Dalvik,
• rayuwar baturi, ƙarfin wutar lantarki a cikin ART da Dalvik

Takaita sakamakon, zamu iya cewa ART bashi da wata fa’ida ta fili a wannan lokacin cikin lokaci (dole ne muyi la’akari da cewa aiki kan ART ya ci gaba, wannan yanayin yana kan matakin gwaji ne): a wasu gwaje-gwaje, yin amfani da wannan matsakaici yana nuna kyakkyawan sakamako (musamman amma don aiwatarwa, amma ba a dukkan bangarorin sa ba), kuma a cikin wasu fa'idodi na musamman hakan ba zai yiwu ba ko kuma Dalvik yana gaba. Misali, idan zamuyi magana akan rayuwar batir, to ya sabawa tsammanin, Dalvik yana nuna kusan daidai sakamako tare da ART.

Conclusionarshe gabaɗaɗan yawancin gwaje-gwaje shine cewa akwai bambanci a fili lokacin aiki tare da ART da tare da Dalvik. Koyaya, sabon yanayin da tsarin da ake amfani da shi ya kasance mai kyau kuma, mai yiwuwa, a cikin Android 4.5 ko Android 5, irin wannan bambancin zai zama bayyananne. (Bugu da ƙari, Google na iya sanya ART shine asalin yanayin).

Couplean ma'aurata da ƙarin abubuwan da za ku yi la’akari da su idan kun yanke shawarar ƙarfafa yanayin A maimakon hakan Dalvik - wasu aikace-aikace na iya aiki ba daidai ba (ko ƙila ba su yi aiki ba kwatankwacinsu, misali Whatsapp da Titanium Ajiyayyen), da kuma cikakken sake sakewa Android na iya ɗaukar mintuna 10-20: wato, idan kun kunna ART, kuma bayan sake kunna wayar ko kwamfutar hannu, yana daskarewa, jira.

Yadda zaka kunna ART akan Android

Don kunna yanayin ART, dole ne ku sami wayar Android ko kwamfutar hannu tare da sigar OS 4.4.x da processor processor, misali, Nexus 5 ko Nexus 7 2013.

Da farko kuna buƙatar kunna yanayin haɓakawa akan Android. Don yin wannan, je zuwa saitunan na'urar, je zuwa shafin “Game da wayar” (Game da kwamfutar hannu) sai a matsa filin “Gano lambar” sau da yawa har sai ka ga saƙon da ka zama mai haɓakawa.

Bayan haka, kayan "Don Masu Haɓakawa" zai bayyana a cikin saitunan, kuma akwai - "Zaɓi yanayi", inda yakamata ku shigar da ART maimakon Dalvik, idan kuna so.