Anirƙiri fayil XML

Tsarin XML an tsara shi ne don adana bayanai waɗanda zasu iya zama da amfani ga aiwatar da wasu shirye-shirye, shafuka, da goyan baya ga wasu harsuna na bada alama. Irƙira da buɗe fayil tare da wannan tsari ba mai wahala bane. Za'a iya yin wannan koda kuwa ba'a shigar da software na musamman a cikin kwamfutar ba.

Kadan game da XML

XML da kanta yare ne na talla, kusan yayi kama da HTML wanda ake amfani dashi a shafukan yanar gizo. Amma idan ana amfani da ƙarshen don kawai don fitar da bayanai da kuma daidaitaccen tsarin sa, to XML yana ba shi damar tsara shi ta wata hanya, wanda ke sa wannan yaren ya yi kama da analog na ɗakunan bayanai wanda baya buƙatar DBMS.

Kuna iya ƙirƙirar fayilolin XML tare da taimakon shirye-shirye na musamman ko tare da edita rubutu cikin Windows. Sauƙaƙa lambar rubutu da kuma matakin aikinta ya dogara da nau'in sofwaya da ake amfani da ita.

Hanyar 1: Studio Mai gani

Madadin haka, edita na Microsoft zai iya amfani da kowane takwaran daga wasu masu haɓaka. A zahiri, Kayayyakin aikin hurumin kallo yafi dacewa da saba Alamar rubutu. Lambar yanzu tana da alama ta musamman, an haskaka kurakurai ko gyara ta atomatik, kuma an riga an ɗora samfuran musamman a cikin shirin wanda zai iya sauƙaƙe ƙirƙirar manyan fayilolin XML.

Don farawa, kuna buƙatar ƙirƙirar fayil. Danna abu Fayiloli a saman kwamiti kuma daga cikin jerin abubuwanda aka za selecta za selecti "Kirkira ...". Lissafi zai buɗe inda aka nuna abun. Fayiloli.

Sabon fayil ɗin da aka ƙirƙira zai rigaya yana da layin farko tare da ɓoyewa da sigar. Tsarin farko da rikodin rikodin an yi rajista ta tsohuwa Utf-8wanda zaku iya canzawa kowane lokaci. Furtherarin gaba, don ƙirƙirar cikakken fayil ɗin XML, kuna buƙatar rubuta duk abin da ke cikin koyarwar da ta gabata.

Lokacin da aka gama, zaɓi sake a saman ɓangaren Fayiloli, kuma akwai daga jerin abubuwan menu Ajiye Duk.

Hanyar 2: Microsoft Excel

Kuna iya ƙirƙirar fayil XML ba tare da lambar rubutu ba, alal misali, amfani da sigogin Microsoft na zamani, wanda ke ba ku damar adana alluna tare da wannan ƙarin. Koyaya, kuna buƙatar fahimtar cewa a wannan yanayin, ƙirƙirar wani abu mai aiki fiye da tebur na yau da kullun zai kasa.

Wannan hanyar ta fi dacewa da waɗanda ba sa so ko ba za su iya aiki tare da lambar ba. Koyaya, a wannan yanayin, mai amfani na iya fuskantar wasu matsaloli lokacin sake rubuta fayil ɗin a cikin tsarin XML. Abin takaici, aikin sauya tebur na yau da kullun zuwa XML yana yiwuwa ne kawai akan sabon samfuran MS Excel. Don yin wannan, yi amfani da umarnin umarnan mataki-mataki:

1. Cika tebur da wasu abubuwan ciki.
2. Latsa maballin Fayilolia menu na sama.



3. Wani taga na musamman zai buɗe inda kake buƙatar dannawa "Ajiye As ...". Ana iya samun wannan abun a menu na gefen hagu.



4. Saka babban fayil inda kake son adana fayil ɗin. An nuna babban fayil ɗin a cikin tsakiyar allon.



5. Yanzu kuna buƙatar tantance sunan fayil, kuma a cikin sashin Nau'in fayil zaɓi daga jerin zaɓuka
   XML bayanai.
6. Latsa maballin "Adana".

Hanyar 3: Littafin rubutu

Don aiki tare da XML, har ma na yau da kullun Alamar rubutu, duk da haka, yana da wahala ga mai amfani wanda bai saba da ma'anar harshe ba, tunda dole ne a rubuta umarni da alamomi daban-daban a ciki. Tsarin zai zama da ɗan sauƙi da ƙari sosai a cikin shirye-shirye na musamman don gyaran lamba, alal misali, a cikin Kayayyakin aikin gani na Microsoft. Suna da alamomin alama na musamman da kayan aiki, wanda ke sauƙaƙe aikin sabon mutum don daidaitawar wannan harshe.

Babu buƙatar saukar da wani abu don wannan hanyar, saboda an riga an haɗa shi cikin tsarin aiki Alamar rubutu. Bari muyi ƙoƙarin yin tebur mai sauƙi na XML a ciki bisa ga wannan umarnin:

1. Createirƙiri daftarin rubutu rubutu bayyananne tare da fadadawa Txt. Kuna iya sanya shi ko'ina. Bude shi.



2. Fara rubuta ƙungiyoyin farko da ke ciki. Da farko kuna buƙatar tantance ɓoyayyun fayil ɗin duka fayil kuma faɗi sigar XML, an yi wannan tare da umarnin mai zuwa:

   Darajar farko ita ce sigar, ba lallai ba ne a canza ta, kuma darajar ta biyu ita ce rufin asiri. Shiga ciki ya bada shawarar Utf-8, tunda yawancin shirye-shirye da masu gudanar da aiki suna aiki tare dashi daidai. Koyaya, ana iya canza shi zuwa wani ta hanyar rubuta sunan da kake so.



3. Directoryirƙiri directory na farko a cikin fayil ɗinku ta rubuta alamarkuma rufe ta hakan.
4. A cikin wannan alamar, yanzu zaka iya rubuta wasu abubuwan ciki. Airƙiri alamakuma sanya shi kowane suna, alal misali, "Ivan Ivanov." Tsarin da ya ƙare ya zama kamar haka:

5. Alamar cikiYanzu zaku iya tsara ƙarin sigogi masu cikakken bayani, a wannan yanayin, bayani game da wani Ivan Ivanov. Bari mu rubuta shekarunsa da matsayinsa. Zai yi kama da wannan:

   25
Gaskiya ne

6. Idan ka bi umarnin, to ya kamata ka sami lamba iri ɗaya kamar yadda ke ƙasa. Lokacin da aka gama, a cikin menu na sama, nemo Fayiloli kuma daga jerin zaɓuka zaɓi zaɓi "Ajiye As ...". Lokacin adana filin "Sunan fayil" bayan zance ya kamata a tsawaita ba Txt, da XML.

Wani abu kamar wannan zai yi kama da sakamakonka ƙare:





25
Gaskiya ne



XML compilers ya kamata aiwatar da wannan lambar a cikin tebur tare da shafi guda, wanda ya ƙunshi bayanai game da wani Ivan Ivanov.

A Alamar rubutu abu ne mai yuwuwa a yi tebur mai sauki kamar wannan, amma yayin ƙirƙirar ƙarin bayanan bayanai, matsaloli na iya tashi, tunda a al'ada Alamar rubutu Babu ayyuka don gyara kurakurai a lambar ko nuna alamarsu.

Kamar yadda kake gani, babu wani abu mai rikitarwa a cikin ƙirƙirar fayil XML. Idan ana so, ana iya ƙirƙirar ta kowane mai amfani wanda ya fi ko knowsasa da ya san yadda ake aiki da kwamfuta. Koyaya, don ƙirƙirar cikakken fayil XML mai cikakken ƙarfi, ana bada shawarar yin nazarin wannan yaren saitin, aƙalla a matakin farko.