Break - ko da ƙaddarar maki a Microsoft Excel

Ofaya daga cikin mahimman lissafin tattalin arziƙin da na ayyukan kowane kamfani shine a tantance maƙasudin sa. Wannan manuniya yana nuna wane irin kayan ayyukan ƙungiyar zai zama mai riba kuma bazai sami asara ba. Excel yana ba masu amfani da kayan aikin da ke sauƙaƙe ƙudurin wannan mai nuna alama kuma suna nuna sakamakon a hankali. Bari mu bincika yadda za mu yi amfani da su lokacin da neman hanyar warware matsalar don takamaiman misali.

Matsayi na magana

Muhimmin mahimmancin sa'ilin shine gano kimar samarwa wanda ribar (asara) zata kasance babu komai. Wato, tare da haɓaka fitarwa, kasuwancin zai fara nuna riba, kuma tare da raguwa, asarar kuɗi.

Lokacin ƙididdige batun hanyar, akwai buƙatar ka fahimci cewa duk farashin kuɗin kamfanin za'a iya rarrabasu cikin sharaɗi gwargwado kuma yana canzawa. Theungiyar farko tana da 'yanci daga girman samarwa kuma ba ta canzawa. Wannan na iya hadawa da adadin albashin ma’aikatan zartarwa, da farashin kudin haya, da kuma rage kadarorin da aka kafa, da sauransu. Amma farashin mai canzawa kai tsaye ya dogara da girman samarwa. Wannan, da farko, yakamata ya haɗa da farashin siyan kayan masarufi da makamashi, don haka ana nuna wannan nau'in farashi akan ɓangare na samarwa.

Yana tare da rabo na gyarawa da m halin kaka da manufar hutu-ko da ma'amala hade. Har sai an sami wani adadin kayan samarwa, ajali ambatacce ya zama babban adadin a cikin jimlar farashin kayan masarufi, amma tare da haɓakawa, kashi hannunsu ya faɗi, sabili da haka farashin sashi na kayan da aka samar yana raguwa. A matakin hutu-har ma da matakin, farashin samarwa da samun kudin shiga daga siyarwar kayayyaki ko aiyuka sun yi daidai. Tare da kara haɓaka aikin, kamfanin ya fara samun riba. Abin da ya sa yana da matukar muhimmanci a tantance girman samarwa a inda aka sami ƙarshen-hutun har ma.

Hutu-ko da lissafin maki

Muna yin lissafin wannan mai nuna alama ta amfani da kayan aikin aikin Excel, kuma mu tsara jadawali akan abin da zamu yiwa alama alama. Don aiwatar da lissafin, zamu yi amfani da teburin da aka nuna irin wannan bayanan farkon ayyukan kasuwancin:

• Kafaffen farashi;
• Kudaden da ake canzawa a kowane bangare na fitarwa;
• Farashin siyar da yanki na samarwa.

Don haka, zamu lissafta bayanan dangane da dabi'un da aka nuna a cikin tebur a hoton da ke ƙasa.

1. Muna gina sabon tebur bisa ga tushen tebur. Columnungiyoyin farko na sabon tebur shine adadin kayayyaki (ko kuri'a) wanda kamfanin ya kera. Wannan shine, lambar layin zai nuna yawan kayan da aka ƙera. Layi na biyu ya ƙunshi ƙimar tsayayyen farashi. Zai zama daidai a cikin kowane layi zuwa gare mu 25000. A cikin shafi na uku shine jimlar adadin masu canzawa. Wannan darajar ga kowane layi zai kasance daidai da samfurin adadin kaya, wato, abubuwan da ke cikin tantanin da ya dace na farkon shafi, ta 2000 rubles.

   A shafi na huxu shine jimlar kuɗin. Adadin jimlar sel masu dacewa a shafi na biyu da na uku. Na biyar shafi na biyar shine kudaden shiga. Ana yin lissafin ta hanyar ninka farashin naúrar (4500 p.) by jimlar adadin su, wanda aka nuna a cikin jerin jere na sashin farko. Shafi na shida yana nuna alamar riba ta net. Ana yin lissafin ta hanyar cirewa daga jimlar kudin shiga (shafi na 5adadin farashinsu (shafi na 4).

   Wannan shine, a cikin waɗannan layuka waɗanda daidaitattun sel na layin ƙarshe suna da ƙimar mummuna, akwai asarar kasuwancin, a cikin waɗanda inda mai nuna alama zai zama daidai 0 - an cimma matsayar warwarewar, kuma a waɗancan inda zai kasance mai kyau, an lura da ribar da ke cikin ƙungiyar.

   Don tsabta, cika 16 Lines. Layin farko zai zama yawan kaya (ko kuri'a) daga 1 a da 16. Sauran ginshiƙai masu zuwa suna cika su bisa ga algorithm ɗin da aka bayyana a sama.



2. Kamar yadda kake gani, an cimma matsaya akan matakin 10 samfurin. Kawai kenan, jimlar kudin shiga (45,000 rubles) daidai yake da jimillar kashe kuɗi, ribar da take samu dai dai ce 0. Farawa tare da sakin samfurin na goma sha ɗaya, kamfanin ya nuna ayyukan riba. Don haka, a cikin yanayinmu, maɓallin fifiko a cikin ma'aunin adadi shine 10 raka'a, kuma a cikin kuɗin kuɗi - 45,000 rubles.

Yarjejeniya

Bayan an ƙirƙiri tebur wanda za'a ƙididdige ma'anar yanki, zaku iya ƙirƙirar jadawali inda za a nuna wannan tsarin a gani. Don yin wannan, dole ne mu gina ginshiƙi tare da layuka guda biyu waɗanda ke nuna halin kaka da kudaden shiga na kamfanin. A tsakiyar hanyoyin nan layin guda biyu, za a sami batun warwarewar matsala. Tare da axis X wannan ginshiƙi zai zama adadin raka'a kayan, kuma a kan layi Y tsabar kuɗi.

1. Je zuwa shafin Saka bayanai. Danna alamar "Haske"wanda aka sanya a kan tef a cikin toshe kayan aiki Charts. A gabanmu zaɓi ne na nau'ikan shiryayyu. Don magance matsalarmu, nau'in ya dace sosai "Spot tare da santsi masu lankwasa da alamomi", don haka danna kan wannan abun a cikin jerin. Kodayake, idan ana so, zaku iya amfani da wasu nau'ikan zane-zane.



2. Mun ga wani fanko yanki na ginshiƙi. Yakamata ya cika da bayanai. Don yin wannan, danna sauƙin kan yankin. A cikin menu na kunnawa, zaɓi matsayin "Zaɓi bayanai ...".



3. Ana fara buɗe zaɓin tushen data. Akwai toshe a sashinsa na hagu "Abubuwa na almara (layuka)". Latsa maballin .Ara, wanda yake a cikin yankin da aka ƙayyade.



4. Kafin mu bude wani taga ana kiranta "Canza layi". A cikin sa dole ne mu nuna matsayin tsara bayanai, a kan wanne zanen zanen ne za'a gina. Da farko, zamu gina jadawalin da zai nuna jimlar kudin. Saboda haka a fagen "Suna na jere" shigar da rikodin daga keyboard "Jimillar kudaden".

   A fagen "Ka'idodin X" saka abubuwan tsarawar da ke cikin shafi "Yawan kaya". Don yin wannan, saita siginan kwamfuta a cikin wannan filin, sannan, riƙe maɓallin linzamin kwamfuta na hagu, zaɓi maɓallin tebur mai dacewa a kan takardar. Kamar yadda kake gani, bayan waɗannan ayyuka, za a nuna kwastomomin ta a cikin taga sauya layi.

   A filin na gaba "Y dabi'u" yakamata a nuna adireshin shafi "Adadin Kuɗin"inda bayanan da muke buƙata suke. Muna aiki bisa ga algorithm ɗin da ke sama: sanya siginan kwamfuta a cikin filin kuma zaɓi sel na shafin da muke buƙata tare da maɓallin linzamin kwamfuta na hagu. Bayanai za su nuna a fagen.

   Bayan an aiwatar da takaddun takaddun takaddun, danna kan maɓallin "Ok"wanda yake a gindin taga.



5. Bayan haka, tana komawa ta atomatik taga taga data zaɓi. Hakanan yana buƙatar latsa maɓallin "Ok".



6. Kamar yadda kake gani, bayan wannan, takarda tana nuna jadawalin jimlar farashin kuɗin kamfanin.



7. Yanzu ya zama dole mu kirkiri layi gaba daya na kamfani. Don waɗannan dalilai, muna danna dama-dama kan yankin ginshiƙi, wanda akan riga an sanya layin ƙimar kuɗin ƙungiyar. A cikin menu na mahallin, zaɓi matsayin "Zaɓi bayanai ...".



8. Zaɓin taga zaɓi na data yana sake farawa, wanda a sake sake buƙatar danna shafin .Ara.



9. Windowan ƙaramin taga don canja jere yana buɗewa. A fagen "Suna na jere" wannan karon muna rubutu "Jimlar kudaden shiga".

   A fagen "Ka'idodin X" ya kamata a shigar da daidaitawar shafi "Yawan kaya". Munyi wannan ne a hanyar da muka yi la’akari da ita lokacin da muke gina layin ƙira duka.

   A fagen "Y dabi'u", fayyace abubuwan daidaitawa shafi guda "Jimlar kudaden shiga".

   Bayan kammala wadannan matakan, danna maballin "Ok".



10. Rufe taga hanyar data fito ta latsa maballin "Ok".



11. Bayan haka, za a nuna layin jimlar kudin shiga a cikin jirgin saman takardar. Hanya ce ta kuɗaɗen shiga da jimillar kuɗin da zai zama ma'asumi.

Don haka, mun cimma burin ƙirƙirar wannan jadawalin.

Darasi: Yadda ake yin zane a Excel

Kamar yadda kake gani, fashewar ko da kuwa ta dogara ne akan ƙididdigar girman kayan fitarwa wanda adadin kuɗin zai zama daidai da kuɗin shiga duka. A hankali, wannan yana nunawa a cikin gina tsada da layin samun kuɗi, da kuma gano batun ma'amala, wanda zai zama ma'asumi. Gudanar da irin waɗannan ƙididdigar asali asali ne a cikin tsarawa da tsara ayyukan kowace kamfani.