Hash ko checksum na fayil wani ƙarancin darajar ƙididdigewa ne daga lissafin fayil ɗin kuma yawanci ana amfani dashi don bincika amincinsu da daidaito (daidaituwa) na fayiloli a taya, musamman idan yazo da manyan fayiloli (hotunan tsarin da makamantansu) waɗanda za'a iya saukar dasu tare da kurakurai ko Akwai tuhuma cewa an maye gurbin fayil ɗin ta hanyar malware.
A kan shafukan yanar gizon da aka sauke, ana gabatar da rakodin sau da yawa, ana lissafta gwargwadon algorithms MD5, SHA256 da sauransu, yana ba ku damar kwatanta fayil ɗin da aka sauke tare da fayil ɗin da mai haɓaka ya aiko. Kuna iya amfani da shirye-shiryen ɓangare na uku don yin lissafin wuraren duba fayil, amma akwai wata hanya don yin wannan tare da daidaitattun kayan aikin Windows 10, 8 da Windows 7 (Ana buƙatar sigar PowerShell 4.0 da ƙari) - ta amfani da PowerShell ko layin umarni, wanda za'a nuna a cikin umarnin.
Samun tsarin bincike ta amfani da Windows
Da farko kuna buƙatar fara Windows PowerShell: hanya mafi sauƙi ita ce amfani da bincike a cikin taskaban Windows 10 ko menu na farawa na Windows 7 don yin wannan.
Umurnin yin lissafin zanta na fayil a PowerShell shine Samu-filehash, kuma don amfani dashi don ƙididdige ƙididdigar, kawai shigar da shi tare da sigogi masu zuwa (a cikin misali, ana lissafta hash don hoton ISO Windows 10 daga babban fayil na VM akan drive C):
Samun-fayilHash C: VM Win10_1607_Russian_x64.iso | Jerin-tsari
Lokacin amfani da umarni a cikin wannan tsari, ana lissafin hash ta amfani da algorithm SHA256, amma ana tallafa sauran zaɓuɓɓuka, wanda za'a iya saitawa ta amfani da sigar -Algorithm, alal misali, don yin lissafin MD5 checksum, umurnin zai yi kama da misalin da ke ƙasa
Samu-FileHash C: VM Win10_1607_Russian_x64.iso -Algorithm MD5 | Jerin-tsari
Ana tallafawa waɗannan halaye masu zuwa wajan duba hanyoyin a cikin Windows PowerShell.
- SHA256 (tsoho)
- MD5
- SHA1
- SHA384
- SHA512
- MAFARKI
- RIPEMD160
Hakanan ana samun cikakken bayanin yadda za'a samo umarnin Get-FileHash akan gidan yanar gizon yanar gizo mai suna //technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/dn520872(v=wps.650).aspx
Maidowa da zanta fayil a layin umarni ta amfani da CertUtil
Windows tana da ginanniyar kayan aiki na CertUtil don aiki tare da takaddun shaida, wanda, a tsakanin wasu abubuwa, na iya ƙididdige yawan adadin fayiloli ta amfani da waɗannan algorithms masu zuwa:
- MD2, MD4, MD5
- SHA1, SHA256, SHA384, SHA512
Don amfani da mai amfani, kawai kunna madaidaicin umarnin Windows 10, 8 ko Windows 7 kuma shigar da umarni a saitin:
certutil -hashfile file_path algorithm
Misali na samun hash MD5 na fayel an nuna shi a hotonan da ke ƙasa.
Additionallyari: idan kuna buƙatar shirye-shirye na ɓangare na uku don lissafa hashes fayil a Windows, zaku iya kula da SlavaSoft HashCalc.
Idan kana buƙatar yin lissafin checksum a cikin Windows XP ko a cikin Windows 7 ba tare da PowerShell 4 (da ikon shigar da shi ba), zaka iya amfani da amfani da layin umarni na Microsoft File Checksum Mutunci Verifier, wanda za'a iya saukar dashi akan yanar gizo ta yanar gizo mai cikakken sani //www.microsoft.com/en -us / download / details.aspx? id = 11533 (tsarin bada umarni don amfani da amfani: fciv.exe file_path - sakamakon zai kasance MD5. Hakanan zaka iya lissafin zanta SHA1: fciv.exe -sha1 file_path)
