Abubuwa kamar banner akan tebur da ke gaya muku cewa an kulle kwamfutar tabbas wataƙila kowa ya san shi. A mafi yawancin lokuta, lokacin da mai amfani ya buƙaci taimako na kwamfuta a wani lokaci makamancin wannan, da ya zo gare shi, za ku ji tambayar: "Daga ina ya zo, ban saukar da komai ba." Hanya mafi gama gari don rarraba irin wannan malware ita ce ta mai bincikenku na yau da kullun. Wannan labarin zai yi ƙoƙarin yin nazarin hanyoyin gama gari don samun ƙwayoyin cuta zuwa kwamfuta ta hanyar mai bincike.
Duba kuma: binciken komputa na kan layi akan ƙwayoyin cuta
Injiniyan zamantakewa
Idan ka koma zuwa Wikipedia, zaka iya karanta cewa injiniyan zamantakewa hanya ce ta samun damar ba da izini ga bayanai ba tare da amfani da hanyoyin fasaha ba. Manufar tana da fa'ida sosai, amma a cikin mahallinmu - karɓar ƙwayar cuta ta hanyar mai bincike, a cikin sharuddan gabaɗaya, yana nuna samar maka da bayanai ta irin wannan hanyar da ka sauke kai tsaye da gudanar da shirye-shiryen mugunta a kwamfutarka. Kuma yanzu ƙarin game da takamaiman misalai na rarraba.
Hanyoyin saukar da karya
Na rubuta fiye da sau ɗaya cewa "zazzagewa kyauta ba tare da SMS da rajista ba" tambaya ce ta bincike wanda galibi yakan haifar da kamuwa da cutar. A mafi yawan rukunin yanar gizo marasa izini don saukar da shirye-shiryen da ke ba da damar saukar da direbobi don komai, zaku ga hanyoyin da yawa "Zazzagewa" waɗanda ba su haifar da saukar da fayil ɗin da ake so ba. A lokaci guda, ba abu bane mai sauƙi ga layman ya gano wane "Maɓallin" maɓallin zai ba da damar sauke fayil ɗin da ake so. Misali yana cikin hoton.
Yawancin hanyoyin haɗin yanar gizo
Sakamakon, dangane da wane shafi wannan ke faruwa, zai iya zama daban - farawa daga shirye-shirye iri-iri da aka sanya cikin kwamfutar da farawa, halin da ba shi da hankali sosai kuma yana haifar da raguwar sanannen kwamfutar gabaɗaya da samun damar Intanet musamman: MediaGet, Guard.Mail.ru, sanduna masu yawa (bangarori) na masu bincike. Kafin karɓar ƙwayoyin cuta, banner-blockers da sauran abubuwan da ba su da kyau.
Kwamfutar ku ta kamu
Sanarwar kwayar cutar karya
Wata hanyar gama gari don samun kwayar cutar kan Intanet ita ce a gidan yanar gizo da ka ga wata budaddiyar taga ko da taga mai kama da "Explorer" dinka, wanda a ciki ya ce an gano ƙwayoyin cuta, trojans da sauran munanan abubuwa a kwamfutar. A zahiri, ana ba da shawara ne don sauƙaƙe matsalar, wanda kuke buƙatar danna maɓallin da ya dace da sauke fayil, ko ma ba zazzage shi ba, amma kawai lokacin da tsarin ya tilasta shi ya ba da damar ɗayan ko wani aiki tare da shi. La'akari da cewa talakawa mai amfani ba koyaushe ya kula da gaskiyar cewa ba kwayar rigarsa ba ce ta ba da rahoton matsaloli, kuma ana amfani da saƙonnin kula da asusun Windows ta yawanci ta danna "Ee", yana da sauƙin kama ƙwayar ta wannan hanyar.
Batareda bata lokaci ba
Ya yi kama da shari’ar da ta gabata, a nan ne kawai za ka ga wani ɓoyayyen taga wanda ke sanar da cewa mashigar ka ya cika kuma yana buƙatar sabunta shi, wanda za a ba da hanyar haɗin mai dacewa. Sakamakon irin wannan sabar mai binciken yana yawan baƙin ciki.
Kuna buƙatar shigar da codec don kallon bidiyon
Ana neman "kallon fina-finai akan layi" ko "masu horar da matasa 256 akan layi"? Ku kasance cikin shiri don gaskiyar cewa za a nemi ku saukar da kowane codec don kunna wannan bidiyon, zaku saukar, kuma, a ƙarshe, zai zama babu kyankyasar kwata-kwata. Abun takaici, ban ma san yadda za a yi bayanin yadda yakamata a bambance hanyoyin bambanta mai amfani da Silverlight ko Flash mai sakawa daga malware ba, kodayake wannan mai sauki ne ga mai amfani da gogewa.
Sauke fayiloli ta atomatik
A wasu rukunin yanar gizo, zaku iya gano cewa shafin zai yi kokarin saukar da fayil ta atomatik, kuma da alama ba ku danna ko'ina ba don saukar da shi. A wannan yanayin, ana bada shawara don soke saukarwa. Muhimmiyar ma'ana: ba kawai fayilolin EXE masu haɗari bane don gudanarwa, waɗannan nau'ikan fayel sun fi girma.
Fulogi mai lilo mara kariya
Wata hanyar gama gari don samun lambar cuta ta hanyar mai bincike shine ta hanyar ramuɗan tsaro daban-daban cikin plugins. Mafi shahara daga cikin waɗannan plugins shine Java. Gabaɗaya, idan baku da buƙatar kai tsaye, zai fi kyau cire Java gaba ɗaya daga kwamfutar. Idan ba za ku iya yin wannan ba, alal misali, saboda kuna buƙatar kunna Minecraft, to sai a cire kayan aikin Java kawai daga mai binciken. Idan kuna buƙatar Java kuma a cikin mai binciken, alal misali, kuna amfani da kowane aikace-aikacen akan shafin sarrafa kudi, to, aƙalla a koyaushe kuna mayar da martani ga sanarwar game da sabbin Java kuma shigar da sabon sigar plugin ɗin.
Fulogi masu bincike kamar Adobe Flash ko PDF Reader suma suna da matsalolin tsaro, amma ya kamata a lura cewa Adobe na ɗaukar hanzari sosai ga kurakuran da aka gano da sabuntawa sun zo da tsarin yau da kullun - ba su jinkirta shigar da su ba.
Da kyau, kuma mafi mahimmanci, game da plugins - cire shi daga mai bincike duk plugins ɗin da ba ku yi amfani da shi ba, amma ci gaba da inganta waɗannan plugins.
Ramin tsaro a cikin masu binciken da kansu
Sanya sabon mai binciken.
Matsalar tsaro na masu binciken kansu suma suna bada izinin saukar da lamba mai cutarwa zuwa kwamfutarka. Don kauce wa wannan, bi waɗannan shawarwari masu sauƙi:
- Yi amfani da sabbin masanan binciken da aka zazzage daga gidajen yanar gizon masu masana'antun. I.e. kar a nemi “saukar da sabon salo na Firefox”, a je kawai a Firefox. A wannan yanayin, zaku karɓi sabon salo na ainihi, wanda za'a sabunta shi da kansa a gaba.
- Yi riga-kafi a kwamfutarka. Biya ko kyauta - ku yanke shawara. Wannan ya fi kowace babu. Hakanan za'a iya ɗaukar Windows Defender Windows 8 - kuma ana iya ɗaukar kariya ta kyau idan bakada sauran riga-kafi.
Zai yiwu zan ƙare a can. Daidaitawa, Ina so in lura cewa mafi yawan dalilin ƙwayoyin cuta su bayyana a komputa ta hanyar mai bincike shine har yanzu ayyukan masu amfani da ɗayan ko zamba ke faruwa akan shafin kanta, kamar yadda aka bayyana a sashin farko na wannan labarin. Yi hankali da hankali!
