Duk mutumin da ya yi zurfin shiga harkar kuɗi ko saka hannun jari, ya fuskanci irin wannan mai nuna alamar darajar kuɗi na yanzu ko NPV. Wannan manuniya yana nuna fa'idar saka hannun jari na aikin binciken. Excel yana da kayan aikin da zasu taimaka muku ƙididdigar wannan ƙimar. Bari mu bincika yadda za a iya amfani da su a aikace.
Lissafi na darajar yanzu ba
Darajar yanzu ba (NPV) a Turanci ana kiranta Net current darajar, saboda haka gaba ɗaya an rage shi don a kira shi NPV. Akwai wani madadin suna - valueimar yanzu.
NPV yana ƙayyade yawan adadin kuɗin da aka ƙaddamar da aka rage zuwa yau, wanda shine bambanci tsakanin haɓakawa da gudana. A cikin ka’idoji masu sauki, wannan mai nuna kayyade yawan ribar da mai saka jari ke shirin samu, a rage duk fitar bayan an gama bayar da gudummawar farko.
Excel yana da aikin da aka tsara musamman don ƙididdige NPV. Tana cikin nau'ikan kuɗin kuɗin masu aiki kuma ana kiranta NPV. Ginin kalma na wannan aikin kamar haka:
= NPV (farashi; darajar1; darajar2; ...)
Hujja Biya yana wakiltar darajar saita ragin ragin na lokaci ɗaya.
Hujja "Darajar" yana nuna adadin biya ko rasi. A farkon lamari, yana da alamar mara kyau, kuma a karo na biyu - ingantacce. Wannan nau'in muhawara a cikin aiki na iya zama daga 1 a da 254. Suna iya bayyana, ko dai ta hanyar lambobi, ko kuma wakiltar hanyar haɗi zuwa sel waɗanda wannan lambobin suke a ciki, amma, kamar mahawara Biya.
Matsalar ita ce aikin, kodayake an kira shi NPVamma lissafi NPV ba ta yin daidai. Wannan ya faru ne saboda gaskiyar cewa baya la'akari da saka hannun jari na farko, wanda bisa ga ka'idodi ba ya amfani da na yanzu, amma ga lokacin sifili. Sabili da haka, a cikin Excel, tsarin lissafi NPV zai fi dacewa a rubuta wannan:
= Farashin_ cinikin + NPV (bidia; darajar1; darajar2; ...)
A zahiri, jarin farko, kamar kowane irin hannun jari, zai kasance tare da alama "-".
Misalin lissafin NPV
Bari muyi la’akari da aikace-aikacen wannan aikin don sanin ƙimar NPV a kan wani kankare misali.
- Zaɓi tantanin da za'a nuna sakamakon lissafin. NPV. Danna alamar "Saka aikin"an sanya shi kusa da dabarar dabara.
- Tagan taga ya fara Wizards na Aiki. Je zuwa rukuni "Kudi" ko "Cikakken jerin haruffa". Zabi rikodin a ciki "NPV" kuma danna maballin "Ok".
- Bayan wannan, taga muhawara na wannan mai aiki zai buɗe. Tana da filaye da dama daidai da adadin muhawara na aiki. Ana buƙatar wannan filin Biya kuma aƙalla ɗaya daga cikin filayen "Darajar".
A fagen Biya Dole ne a tantance ragin ragin na yanzu. Ana iya amfani da ƙimar ta da hannu, amma a cikin yanayinmu an sanya ƙimar ta a cikin tantanin halitta akan takardar, saboda haka muna nuna adireshin wannan tantanin.
A fagen "Darajar1" dole ne a ƙayyade daidaitawar kewayon waɗanda ke ɗauke da ainihin kudaden da aka kiyasta makudan kudaden nan gaba, ban da biyan na farko. Hakanan za'a iya yin wannan da hannu, amma yafi sauƙi sanya siginan kwamfuta a cikin filin mai dacewa kuma tare da maɓallin linzamin kwamfuta na hagu za a danna zaren da yake kan takardar.
Tunda a cikin yanayinmu ana sanya kuɗaɗen kuɗi a kan takardar gaba ɗaya, ba ku buƙatar shigar da bayanai a cikin sauran filayen. Kawai danna maballin "Ok".
- Lissafin aikin yana nunawa a cikin tantanin halitta wanda muka haskaka a sakin farko na koyarwar. Amma, kamar yadda muke tunawa, jarin mu na farko bai kasance ba mu sani ba. Don kammala lissafin NPV, zaɓi tantanin da ke ɗauke da aikin NPV. Darajar ta bayyana a mashaya dabara.
- Bayan alama "=" ƙara adadin farkon biya tare da alamar "-", kuma bayan shi mun sanya alama "+"wanda dole ne ya kasance a gaban mai aiki NPV.
Hakanan zaka iya a maimakon lambar nuna adireshin tantanin akan takardar wanda ke ɗauke da abin da aka saukar.
- Don yin lissafi da nuna sakamakon a cikin sel, danna maɓallin Shigar.
An cire sakamakon, kuma a cikin yanayinmu, ƙimar sadarwar yanzu shine 41160.77 rubles. Yana da wannan adadin wanda mai saka jari, bayan ya cire duk hannun jari, tare da yin la’akari da ragi na ragi, na iya tsammanin karɓar ta ribar. Yanzu, da yake ya san wannan alamar, zai iya yanke shawara ko ya kamata ya saka hannun jari a cikin aikin ko a'a.
Darasi: Ayyukan Kasuwanci a Excel
Kamar yadda kake gani, a gaban duk bayanan mai shigowa, yi lissafin NPV amfani da kayan aikin Excel abu ne mai sauki. Rashin daidaituwa shine aikin da aka tsara don magance wannan matsalar ba la'akari da biyan farko. Amma wannan matsalar ba wuya a iya warware ta kawai canzawa daidai darajar a cikin lissafin ƙarshe.
