Daga cikin maganganu da yawa waɗanda aka yi amfani da su yayin aiki tare da Microsoft Excel, ya kamata a fifita ayyukan ma'ana. Ana amfani dasu don nuna cikar yanayi daban-daban a cikin dabarun. Haka kuma, idan yanayin kansu zasu iya bambanta sosai, to sakamakon ayyukan ma'ana na iya ɗaukar dabi'u biyu ne kawai: yanayin gamsu ne (GASKIYA) kuma yanayin bai gamsu ba (KARYA) Bari mu bincika menene ayyukan ma'ana a cikin Excel.
Ma'aikatan Maɓalli
Akwai da yawa masu aiki da ma'ana. Daga cikin manya manyan sune:
- GASKIYA;
- FALALAR;
- IF;
- IF ERROR;
- KO
- Kuma;
- BA;
- ERROR;
- KYAU.
Akwai ƙarancin aiki na yau da kullun.
Kowane ɗayan masu aikin da ke sama, ban da na farkon biyun, suna da hujjoji. Muhawara na iya zama takamaiman lambobi ko rubutu, ko alaƙa da ke nuna adireshin sel bayanan.
Ayyuka GASKIYA da KARYA
Mai aiki GASKIYA yarda kawai wani takamaiman wuri. Wannan aikin ba shi da gardama, kuma, a matsayin mai mulkin, kusan koyaushe ɓangaren ɓangare ne na ƙarin maganganu masu rikitarwa.
Mai aiki KARYAakasin haka, ɗauki kowane darajar da ba gaskiya ba ce. Hakanan, wannan aikin bashi da hujjoji kuma an haɗa shi cikin mafi bayyanannun maganganun.
Ayyuka Kuma da KO
Aiki Kuma shine hanyar haɗi tsakanin yanayi da yawa. Kawai lokacin da aka cika duk yanayin aikin wannan aikin, ya dawo da darajar GASKIYA. Idan aƙalla hujja ɗaya tak bayar da rahoton ƙima KARYAsai mai aiki Kuma gabaɗaya sun dawo iri ɗaya. Gaba ɗayan wannan aikin:= Kuma (log_value1; log_value2; ...). Aiki na iya haɗawa daga 1 zuwa 255 muhawara.
Aiki KO, akasin haka, ya dawo da GASKIYA ko da ɗaya daga cikin dalilan ne kawai ya cika sharuɗɗan kuma duk sauran maƙaryaci ne. Samfurarta kamar haka:= Kuma (log_value1; log_value2; ...). Kamar aikin da ya gabata, mai aiki KO na iya haɗawa daga yanayin 1 zuwa 255.
Aiki BA
Ba kamar maganganun biyu na baya ba, aikin BA yana da hujja daya. Ta canza ma'anar bayanin tare da GASKIYA a kunne KARYA a cikin sarari da takamaiman hujja. Matsakaicin tsarin magana kamar haka:= BA (log_value).
Ayyuka IF da IF ERROR
Don ƙarin zane mai rikitarwa, yi amfani da aikin IF. Wannan bayanin yana nuna wane darajar yake GASKIYAkuma wanne KARYA. Babban tsarinta kamar haka:= IF (boolean_expression; darajar_if_true; darajar_if_false). Don haka, idan an sadu da yanayin, to, bayanan da aka ambata a baya sun cika a cikin tantanin da ke ɗauke da wannan aikin. Idan yanayin bai cika ba, to tantanin ya cika da sauran bayanan da aka ƙayyade a cikin huhun na uku na aikin.
Mai aiki IF ERROR, idan hujja ta gaskiya ce, ta dawo da kimarta ga tantanin halitta. Amma, idan gardama ta kuskure, to darajar da mai amfani da ita ta nuna an koma cikin tantanin halitta. Ginin wannan aikin, wanda ya ƙunshi muhawara biyu kawai, shine kamar haka:= IF ERROR (darajar; darajar_if_error).
Darasi: aiki IF in Excel
Ayyuka KYAU da KYAU
Aiki KYAU Yana dubawa don ganin idan kwaya ɗaya ko kewayon sel ɗin ya ƙunshi halayen kuskure. Valuesabi'a masu kuskure suna nufin masu zuwa:
- # N / A;
- #VALUE;
- # NUMBER!;
- #DEL / 0!;
- # LATSA!;
- #NAME ?;
- # KYAUTATA!
Ya danganta da idan gardamar ba daidai ba ce ko a'a, ma'aikaci ya yi rahoton ƙimar GASKIYA ko KARYA. Ginin kalma na wannan aikin kamar haka:= ERROR (darajar). Muhawara takamaimai magana game da tantanin halitta ko tsararruka sel.
Mai aiki KYAU Yana bincika tantanin don ya gani ko fanko ne ko ya ƙunshi dabi'u. Idan kwayar ba komai, aikin yana bayar da rahoton ƙimar GASKIYAidan kwayar ta ƙunshi bayanai - KARYA. Ma’anonin wannan mai aiki kamar haka:= KYAUTA (darajar). Kamar yadda ya gabata, hujja magana ce ta tantanin halitta ko tsararru.
Misalin Aiki
Yanzu bari mu bincika aikace-aikacen wasu ayyukan da ke sama tare da takamaiman misali.
Muna da jerin ma’aikatan kamfanin da ke biyansu albashi. Amma, a cikin ƙari, duk ma'aikatan suna da kari. Babban farashin da aka saba dashi shine 700 rubles. Amma fensho da mata sun cancanci ƙara yawan bonus na 1,000 rubles. Banda shine ma’aikata waɗanda, saboda dalilai daban-daban, waɗanda suka yi aiki ƙasa da kwanaki 18 a cikin watan da aka ba su. A kowane hali, suna da 'yanci zuwa bonus na yau da kullun na 700 rubles.
Bari muyi kokarin yin dabara. Don haka, muna da yanayi guda biyu waɗanda aka sanya abin biyan 1000 rubles - wannan shine nasarar shekarun ritaya ko jinsi na ma'aikaci. A lokaci guda, muna haɗa da duk waɗanda aka haife su kafin 1957 a matsayin masu fansho. A cikin lamarinmu, don layin farko na tebur, dabara yana ɗaukar nau'i mai zuwa:= IF (KO (C4 <1957; D4 = "Mata"); "1000"; "700"). Amma, kar a manta cewa ana buƙatar samun karɓar ƙimar ƙididdiga ta aiki har tsawon kwanaki 18 ko sama da haka. Don aiwatar da wannan yanayin a cikin tsarinmu, muna amfani da aikin BA:= IF (KO (C4 <1957; D4 = "mace") * (BA (E4 <18)); "1000"; "700").
Don kwafa wannan aikin zuwa sel na shafi na teburin inda aka nuna ƙimar ƙimar, muna zama siginan kwamfuta a cikin kusurwar dama na tantanin halitta wanda aka riga aka samar. Alamar cike take bayyana. Kawai ja shi zuwa ƙarshen tebur.
Don haka, mun karɓi tebur tare da bayani game da girman ƙimar kowane ma'aikaci na kamfani daban.
Darasi: fasali na kwarai masu inganci
Kamar yadda kake gani, ayyuka masu ma'ana kayan aiki ne mai dacewa don yin lissafi a Microsoft Excel. Yin amfani da ayyuka masu rikitarwa, zaka iya saita yanayi da yawa a lokaci guda kuma ka sami sakamakon fitarwa, ya danganta da cewa waɗannan halaye sun cika ko a'a. Yin amfani da irin wannan dabarar na iya sarrafa ayyuka da yawa, wanda ke taimakawa adana lokacin mai amfani.
