Wakili shine matsakaici na uwar garke ta hanyar buƙata daga mai amfani ko martani daga uwar garken makamar tafiya. Dukkanin mahalarta cibiyar sadarwa na iya sane da irin wannan tsarin haɗin haɗin ko kuma a ɓoye shi, wanda ya rigaya ya dogara da dalilin amfani da nau'in wakili. Akwai dalilai da yawa don irin wannan fasaha, har ila yau yana da ƙa'idar aiki mai ban sha'awa, wanda zan so in yi magana dalla dalla. Bari mu sauka don tattauna wannan batun kai tsaye.
Bangaren fasaha na wakili
Idan kayi bayanin ka'idodin aikinta a cikin kalmomi masu sauƙi, ya kamata ka kula kawai da wasu daga cikin kayan aikinta waɗanda zasu zama masu amfani ga matsakaita mai amfani. Hanyar yin aiki ta wakili shine kamar haka:
- Kuna haɗi zuwa PC mai nisa daga kwamfutarka, kuma yana aiki azaman wakili. An sanya software na musamman akan sa, wanda akayi nufin sarrafawa da bayar da buƙatun.
- Wannan kwamfutar tana karɓar sigina daga gare ku kuma tana tura shi zuwa asalin na ƙarshe.
- Sannan yana karɓar sigina daga asalin ƙarshe kuma yana mayar da ku zuwa gare ku, idan ya cancanta.
Ta irin wannan hanya madaidaiciya, uwar garken matsakaici yana aiki tsakanin sarkar kwamfutoci biyu. Hoton da ke ƙasa da tsari ganganci yana nuna ƙa'idar hulɗa.
Sakamakon wannan, tushen karshe ba dole bane ne ya gano sunan kwamfutar ta ainihi daga inda aka nemi buƙatun, zai san bayani ne kawai game da sabbin wakili. Bari muyi magana game da nau'ikan fasahar da ake kulawa.
Daban-daban sabobin wakili
Idan kun taɓa cin karo da amfani da ko kun riga kun saba da fasahar wakili, ya kamata ku lura cewa akwai nau'ikan da yawa daga cikinsu. Kowannensu yana taka rawa kuma zai fi dacewa don amfani a yanayi daban-daban. A taƙaice magana game da nau'ikan da ba a yarda da su ba tsakanin masu amfani da talakawa:
- Wakili na FTP. Bayanin FTP yana ba ku damar canja wurin fayiloli a cikin sabobin kuma haɗa su don duba da shirya kundin adireshi. Ana amfani da wakili na FTP don loda abubuwa zuwa irin waɗannan sabobin;
- Cgi ya tunatar da kadan na VPN, dukda haka duk wakili ɗaya ne. Babban manufarta ita ce buɗe kowane shafi a cikin mai bincike ba tare da saitunan farko ba. Idan kun sami anonymizer akan Intanet inda kuke buƙatar sanya hanyar haɗi, sannan kun danna shi, wataƙila wannan kayan aikin yayi aiki tare da CGI;
- SMTP, Pop3 da IMAP Ya haɗa da abokan cinikin imel don aikawa da karɓar imel.
Akwai wasu nau'ikan guda uku waɗanda masu amfani da kullun galibi ke haɗuwa. Ina so in tattauna su dalla dalla yadda zai yiwu domin ku fahimci bambanci tsakanin su kuma zaɓi manufa da ta dace don amfani.
Wakili na HTTP
Wannan ra'ayi shine mafi gama gari kuma yana tsara aikin masu bincike da aikace-aikace ta amfani da TCP (Tsarin Canja Tsarin Tsari). Wannan tsari yana daidaitawa da ma'ana yayin kafawa da kuma kiyaye sadarwa tsakanin na'urori biyu. Hanyoyin tashar jiragen ruwa na yau da kullun HTTP sune 80, 8080, da 3128. Wakilin aikin yana da sauƙi - mai bincike na yanar gizo ko software ya aika buƙat don buɗe hanyar haɗi zuwa uwar garken wakili, yana karɓar bayanai daga kayan da aka buƙata kuma ya mayar dashi kwamfutarka. Godiya ga wannan tsarin, wakilin HTTP yana ba ku damar:
- Cache bayanan da aka bincika don buɗe shi da sauri a gaba.
- Iyakance damar amfani da mai amfani zuwa wasu shafuka.
- Tace bayanai, alal misali, toshe raka'a talla akan wata hanya, barin sarari ko sauran abubuwan maimakon.
- Sanya iyaka akan saurin haɗin yanar gizon.
- Adana jerin ayyukan kuma duba zirga-zirgar mai amfani.
Dukkanin wannan aikin yana buɗe dama da yawa a cikin bangarori daban-daban na yanar gizo, wanda galibi yana fuskantar abokan amfani. Dangane da rashin amintuwa akan hanyar sadarwa, hanyoyin HTTP sun kasu kashi uku:
- M. Kada ku ɓoye IP ɗin mai aikawa da buƙata kuma ku samar da shi zuwa asalin ƙarshen. Wannan nau'in bai dace da rashin sani ba;
- Ba a sani ba. Sun sanar da asalin game da amfanin uwar garken matsakaici, duk da haka, IP na abokin ciniki ba ya buɗe. Rashin sani a cikin wannan yanayin har yanzu bai cika ba, tunda zai yiwu a nemo fitowar zuwa sabar ɗin da kanta;
- Elite. An sayi su da kuɗi da yawa kuma suna aiki akan ƙa'ida ta musamman lokacin da asalin ba shi da masaniya game da amfani da wakili, bi da bi, ainihin IP na mai amfani bai buɗe ba.
Wakilin HTTPS
HTTPS iri ɗaya ne HTTP, amma haɗin yana amintacce, kamar yadda wasiƙar S ta tabbatar a ƙarshen. Ana amfani da irin waɗannan proxies lokacin da ya zama dole don canja wurin bayanan sirri ko rufaffen bayanai, a matsayin mai mulkin, waɗannan su ne logins da kalmomin sirri na asusun a shafin. Bayanin da aka watsa ta hanyar HTTPS ba a kame shi kamar HTTP iri ɗaya ba. A magana ta biyu, tazaranci yana aiki ta hanyar wakili kansa ko a matakin samun dama.
Babu shakka duk masu ba da izini suna da damar yin amfani da bayanan da aka watsa kuma ƙirƙirar rajista. Dukkanin waɗannan bayanan ana adana su a kan sabobin kuma suna aiki a matsayin shaidar aikin cibiyar sadarwa. Tsaro na bayanan sirri an samar dashi ta hanyar hanyar HTTPS, ɓoye duk zirga-zirga tare da algorithm na musamman wanda ke tsayayya da hacking. Saboda gaskiyar yadda aka yada bayanan ta hanyar rufaffen bayanin, irin wannan wakili ba zai iya karanta su ba sannan a fitar dashi. Bugu da kari, bashi da hannu cikin lalata da kowane aiki.
Wakilin SOCKS
Idan muka yi magana game da nau'in wakili mafi ci gaba, babu shakka SOCKS ne. Wannan fasaha an kirkireshi ne don waɗancan shirye-shiryen waɗanda basa goyan bayan hulɗa kai tsaye tare da sabar matsakaici. Yanzu SOCKS ya canza da yawa kuma yana hulɗa da kyau tare da kowane nau'in ladabi. Wannan nau'in wakili ba zai taɓa buɗe adireshin IP ɗinku ba, saboda haka ana iya ɗauka gabaɗaya mara ma'ana.
Me yasa ake buƙatar uwar garken wakili don mai amfani na yau da kullun da yadda za a kafa shi
A cikin ainihin abubuwan da ke faruwa a yanzu, kusan kowane mai amfani da Intanet mai aiki ya ci karo da makullai da ƙuntatawa daban-daban akan hanyar sadarwa. Passetare irin waɗannan haramtawa shine babban dalilin da yasa yawancin masu amfani suke nema da shigar da proxies akan kwamfutarsu ko mai bincike. Akwai hanyoyi da yawa na girke-girke da aiki, kowannensu yana ɗaukar nauyin wasu ayyukan. Duba dukkan hanyoyi a cikin wannan labarin namu ta hanyar latsa mahadar.
Kara karantawa: Tabbatar da haɗi ta hanyar sabbin wakili
Yana da kyau a lura cewa irin wannan haɗin na iya ɗanɗana sauri ko ma rage girman saurin Intanet (wanda ya dogara da wurin uwar garken matsakaici). Sannan lokaci-lokaci kuna buƙatar kashe kwamitocin. Cikakken jagorar aiwatar da wannan aiki, a karanta.
Karin bayanai:
Ana kashe wakili akan Windows
Yadda za a kashe proxies a cikin Yandex.Browser
Zabi tsakanin VPN da sabar wakili
Ba duk masu amfani sun shiga cikin bambanci tsakanin VPN da wakili. Da alama duka sun canza adireshin IP, suna ba da dama ga albarkatun da aka katange da ba da isasshen bayani. Bayan haka, ka'idar aiki da wadannan fasahohi guda biyu gaba daya daban take. Fa'idodin wakili sune abubuwan da ke tafe:
- Adireshin IP dinku zai zama a ɓoye a yayin mafi yawan gwaje-gwaje. Wannan shine, idan ba a ba da sabis na musamman a cikin lamarin ba.
- Za a ɓoye wurin ku na yanki, saboda shafin yana karɓar buƙat daga mai shiga tsakani kuma yana ganin wuri kawai.
- Wasu saitunan wakili suna yin ɓoyayyen zirga-zirgar zirga-zirga ta dace, saboda haka za ku sami kariya daga fayilolin ɓoyewa daga tushe mai tushe.
Koyaya, akwai wasu maganganu mara kyau kuma sune kamar haka:
- Ba a ɓoye hanyar zirga-zirgar intanet ɗinka lokacin wucewa ta hanyar uwar garke ba.
- Ba a ɓoye adireshin ba daga hanyoyin ƙwarewar, don haka idan ya cancanta, ana iya samun kwamfutarka sauƙi.
- Duk zirga-zirgar zirga-zirga suna wucewa ta uwar garke, don haka yana yiwuwa ba kawai don karantawa daga gare ta ba, har ma don toshewa don ƙarin ayyukan da ba su da kyau.
A yau ba za mu shiga cikin cikakkun bayanai na VPN ba, kawai mun lura cewa irin waɗannan cibiyoyin sadarwar masu zaman kansu na yau da kullun suna karɓar zirga-zirga a cikin wani ɓoyayyen tsari (wanda ke shafar saurin haɗi). Koyaya, suna ba da kariya mafi kyau da kuma ba da sani. A lokaci guda, VPN mai kyau ya fi tsada fiye da wakili, tun da ɓoye ɓoye yana buƙatar ƙarfin sarrafa komputa mai yawa.
Duba kuma: Kwatanta VPN da sabbin wakilin sabis na HideMy.name
Yanzu kun saba da ƙa'idodin aiki da manufar sabbin wakili. Yau an dauki mahimman bayanai waɗanda zasu kasance mafi amfani ga matsakaiciyar mai amfani.
Karanta kuma:
Sauke VPN kyauta akan kwamfuta
Nau'in Haɗin VPN
