HDMI fasaha ce mai jujjuya siginar dijital wacce aka sauya ta zuwa hotuna, bidiyo da sauti. A yau ita ce zaɓi mafi yawan gama gari kuma ana amfani dashi a kusan dukkanin fasahar komputa, inda bayanin bidiyo yake fitarwa - daga wayoyin komai da ruwan ka zuwa kwamfutocin mutum.
Game da HDMI
Tashar tashar jiragen ruwa tana da lambobi 19 a cikin kowane bambanci. Hakanan an haɗa mai haɗin zuwa nau'ikan da yawa, dangane da abin da kuke buƙatar sayan kebul ɗin da ake buƙata ko adaftar don shi. Akwai nau'ikan waɗannan masu zuwa:
- Mafi mashahuri kuma "babba" shine nau'in A da B, wanda za'a iya samu a cikin saka idanu, kwamfyutoci, kwamfyutocin, consoles game, TVs. Ana buƙatar nau'in B-nau'in don watsawa mafi kyau;
- Nau'in C-nau'in ƙarami ne na tashar tashar da ta gabata, wacce galibi ana amfani da ita a cikin yanar gizo, allunan, PDAs
- Nau'in D - yana da ɗanɗano, tunda yana da ƙarami girman duk tashoshin jiragen ruwa. Ana amfani dashi galibi a cikin kananan allunan da wayoyi;
- Nau'in E-tashar - tashar jiragen ruwa tare da wannan alamar tana da kariya ta musamman game da ƙura, danshi, tsauraran zafin jiki, matsin lamba da damuwa na inji. Saboda ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun sa, an sanya shi a cikin kwamfutocin jirgi a cikin motoci da kan kayan aiki na musamman.
Za'a iya bambance nau'ikan tashar jiragen ruwa daga junan su ta kamanninsu ko kuma ta alama ta musamman a cikin harafin Latin guda (ba a kowane tashoshin jiragen ruwa ba).
Bayanin Tsawon Riga na USB
Ana sayar da igiyoyi na HDMI har zuwa mita 10 don yawan amfani, amma kuma ana iya samun har zuwa mita 20, wanda ya isa sosai ga matsakaicin mai amfani. Yawancin masana'antu, cibiyoyin bayanai, kamfanonin IT don bukatun su na iya siyan igiyoyi na 20, 50, 80 har ma da fiye da mita 100. Don amfani da gida, kar a ɗauki kebul ɗin "tare da gefe", zai zama cikakken zaɓi don 5 ko 7.5 m.
Kebul na don amfani gida ana yin su ne da farin ƙarfe na musamman, wanda ke gudanar da siginar ba tare da matsala ba a kan ɗan gajeren nesa. Koyaya, akwai dogaro da ingancin sake kunnawa akan nau'in jan ƙarfe wanda aka sanya USB, da kauri.
Misali, samfuran da aka yi da farin tagulla na musamman, mai suna "Standard", tare da kauri kusan 24 AWG (wannan yanki yanki ne mai kusan kashi 0.2042) na iya watsa siginar a nesa ba tazarar mita 10 ba a ƙarar 720 pixels 720 × 1080 tare da ƙimar farfadowa na 75 MHz. Kebul ɗin da ya yi kama, amma an yi ta amfani da Fasaha Mai Girma (zaku iya nemo Tsarin Buga mai ƙarfi) tare da kauri na 28 AWG (yanki mai faɗi 0.08 mm2) ya rigaya ya iya watsa siginar a cikin ingancin pixels 1080 × 2160 tare da mitar 340 MHz.
Biya a hankali akan girman murmushin allo a kebul (an nuna shi a cikin takaddun fasaha ko an rubuta akan marufi). Don kyakkyawar kallon bidiyo da wasanni, kusan 60-70 MHz sun isa ga idon ɗan adam. Saboda haka, bin lambobi da ingancin siginar kayan fitarwa ya wajaba kawai a lokuta inda:
- Mai saka idanu da katin bidiyo suna goyan bayan ƙudurin 4K kuma kuna son amfani da ƙarfinsu zuwa 100%;
- Idan kuna ƙwarewa wajen yin gyaran bidiyo da / ko ma'anar 3D.
Saurin sauri da ingancin watsawar siginar ya dogara da tsayin daka, don haka ya fi kyau siyan kebul tare da ɗan gajeren zango. Idan saboda wasu dalilai kuna buƙatar samfurin da ya fi tsayi, to yana da kyau ku kula da zaɓuɓɓuka tare da alamun masu zuwa:
- CAT - yana ba ku damar watsa siginar a nesa na har zuwa mita 90 ba tare da wani gurɓataccen sanarwa cikin inganci da mita ba. Akwai wasu samfura waɗanda a ciki aka rubuta su a cikin takamaiman cewa matsakaicin watsa siginar siginar ya fi mita 90. Idan kun haɗu da irin wannan samfurin a wani wuri, to, zai fi kyau ku ƙi siyan, tunda ƙimar siginal zata sha wahala kaɗan. Wannan alamar tana da nau'ikan 5 da 6, wanda har yanzu yana da wasu nau'in ƙididdigar harafin, waɗannan abubuwan kusan ba sa shafar halaye;
- Kebul ɗin, wanda aka yi ta hanyar fasahar coaxial, ƙira ce tare da mai gudanar da tsakiya da mai gudanarwa na waje, waɗanda keɓaɓɓe suna rufe su. An yi kwaskwarima ta tagulla. Matsakaicin watsa watsawa na wannan kebul na iya isa mita 100, ba tare da asara ba cikin inganci da darajar firam ɗin;
- Kebul na fiber optic shine mafi tsada kuma mafi kyawun zaɓi ga waɗanda suke buƙatar watsa bidiyo da abun ciki a tsawon nesa ba tare da asarar inganci ba. Zai iya zama da wahala a samu a cikin shagunan, saboda ba a cikin babbar buƙata saboda wasu ƙayyadaddu. Mai ikon watsa siginar a nesa fiye da mita 100.
Ayoyin HDMI
Godiya ga haɗin gwiwa na manyan kamfanonin IT guda shida, HDMI 1.0 aka saki a cikin 2002. A yau, kamfanin Amurka Silicon Image yana aiki da kusan dukkanin ƙarin ci gaba da haɓaka wannan haɗin. A cikin 2013, an fito da mafi kyawun zamani - 2.0, wanda bai dace da sauran sigogin ba, don haka ya fi kyau ka sayi kebul na HDMI na wannan sigar kawai idan ka tabbata cewa tashar jiragen ruwa akan kwamfutar / TV / Monitor / sauran kayan aikin suma suna da wannan sigar.
Versionaƙarin siyan da aka ba da shawarar shi ne 1.4, wanda aka saki a cikin 2009, kamar yadda ya dace da sigogin 1.3 da 1.3b, waɗanda aka saki a cikin 2006 da 2007 kuma sun fi yawa. Sigar 1.4 tana da wasu gyare-gyare - 1.4a, 1.4b, waɗanda kuma sun dace da 1.4 ba tare da canji ba, sigogin 1.3, 1.3b.
Nau'in Na'urar Cable nau'in 1.4
Tunda wannan shine samfurin da aka bada shawarar don siye, zamuyi la'akari dashi dalla dalla. Akwai nau'ikan guda biyar a cikin duka: Standard, Babban Speed, daidaitaccen tare da Ethernet, Babban Speed tare da Ethernet da Standard Automotive. Bari mu bincika kowane ɗayansu daki-daki.
Daidaita - wanda ya dace da haɗa na'urori marasa amfani don amfanin gida. Goyan bayan ƙuduri na 720p. Yana da halaye masu zuwa:
- 5 Gb / s - iyakar iyakar bandwidth;
- 24 rago - mafi girman zurfin launi;
- 165 MP - matsakaicin mitar mitar izini.
Daidaitaccen tare da Ethernet - yana da halaye iri ɗaya tare da daidaitaccen tsarin analog, bambanci kawai shine cewa yana da tallafin haɗin Intanet, yana da ikon watsa bayanai da sauri ba fiye da 100 Mbit / s a cikin hanyoyi biyu ba.
Babban Sauri ko Sauri Mai Girma. Yana da goyan baya ga fasaha Deep Color, 3D da ARC. Latterarshe yana buƙatar la'akari da cikakken bayani. Audio Return Channel - yana ba ku damar watsa tare da bidiyo da sauti cikin cikakken. A baya can, don cimma kyakkyawan ingancin sauti, alal misali, akan talabijin da aka haɗa zuwa kwamfutar tafi-da-gidanka, ya zama dole don amfani da ƙarin na'urar kai. Matsakaicin ƙudurin aiki shine 4096 × 2160 (4K). Akwai bayanai dalla-dalla masu zuwa:
- 5 Gb / s - iyakar iyakar bandwidth;
- 24 rago - mafi girman zurfin launi;
- 165 MP - matsakaicin mitar mitar izini.
Akwai fasali mai sauri tare da tallafin Intanet. Saurin canja wurin bayanan Intanet shima 100 Mbps.
Standard Automotive - ana amfani dashi a cikin motoci kuma ana iya haɗa shi zuwa nau'in HDMI na EMI-. Bayani dalla-dalla ga wannan iri-iri suna kama da daidaitaccen sigar. Iyakar abin da aka banbanta kawai shine karuwar matakin kariya da hadewar tsarin ARC, wanda baya cikin daidaiton waya.
Janar shawarwari don zaɓi
Ayyukan kebul yana tasiri ba kawai ta halayensa ba, kayan masana'antu, har ma da ingancin ginin, wanda ba'a rubuta shi ko'ina ba kuma yana da wahala a tantance da farko. Yi amfani da waɗannan nasihu don adana kaɗan kuma zaɓi zaɓi mafi kyau. Jerin shawarwari:
- Akwai wani ra'ayi na gama gari cewa igiyoyi tare da lambobin zinari suna amfani da siginar kyau. Wannan ba haka bane; ana amfani da gurnani don kare lambobin sadarwa daga danshi da damuwa na injinan. Sabili da haka, yana da kyau a zaɓi masu sarrafawa tare da nickel, chrome ko titanium shafi, kamar yadda suke ba da kariya mafi kyau kuma suna da arha (ban da suturar titanium). Idan zaka yi amfani da kebul a gida, to babu ma'ana idan ka sayi kebul tare da ƙarin kariyar lamba;
- Wadanda suke buƙatar watsa siginar a kan nesa fiye da mita 10 ana bada shawarar su kula da kasancewar maimaita ɗakuna don fadakar da siginar, ko siyan amplifier na musamman. Kula da yanki na yanki na giciye (wanda aka auna a cikin AWG) - ƙaramin darajar sa, mafi kyawun siginar za'a watsa shi nesa nesa;
- Yi ƙoƙari ka sayi igiyoyi tare da kariya ko kariya ta musamman a cikin nau'ikan thickenings na silili. An tsara shi don tallafawa ingantacciyar ingancin watsawa (yana hana tsangwama) koda akan igiyoyi masu kanti.
Don yin zaɓin da ya dace, dole ne kuyi la'akari da duk halayen kebul da ginannen HDMI-tashar jiragen ruwa. Idan kebul da tashar jiragen ruwa basu dace ba, zaka buƙaci sayi adaftar na musamman ko maye gurbin kebul ɗin gaba ɗaya.
