Yawancin masu amfani da Excel ba sa ganin bambanci tsakanin tsararrun "tsarin tantanin halitta" da "nau'in bayanai". A zahiri, waɗannan sun yi nesa da ra'ayi iri ɗaya, kodayake, ba shakka, a lamba. Bari mu bincika menene mahimmancin nau'ikan bayanan, menene rukuni aka rarraba su, da kuma yadda zaku iya aiki tare da su.
Tsarin Nau'in bayanai
Nau'in bayanan nau'in bayanai ne na bayanin da aka adana akan takardar. Dangane da wannan halayyar, shirin yana ƙaddara yadda za'a aiwatar da wannan ko waccan darajar.
An rarraba nau'ikan bayanan zuwa manyan rukuni biyu: manyan ƙananan abubuwa da kuma dabarun tsari. Bambanci tsakanin su biyu shine cewa dabarun yana nuna ƙima a cikin tantanin halitta, wanda zai iya bambanta dangane da yadda muhawara a cikin wasu kwayoyin halitta suke canzawa. Ka'idodi madaidaiciyar dabi'u ne waɗanda ba su canzawa.
Bi da bi, magudanan sun kasu kashi biyar:
- Rubutu
- Lambar lambobi
- Kwanan wata da lokaci
- Bayanai na hankali
- Ba daidai ba dabi'u.
Gano abin da kowannan nau'ikan bayanan suke wakilta dalla dalla.
Darasi: Yadda za a canza tsarin tantanin halitta a Excel
Ka'idodin rubutu
Nau'in rubutun ya ƙunshi bayanan halayyar ɗalibi kuma Excel ba a ɗaukar shi azaman abun lissafin lissafi. Wannan bayanin da farko shine don mai amfani, ba don shirin ba. Rubutun na iya zama kowane haruffa, gami da lambobi, in an tsara su daidai. A cikin DAX, wannan nau'in bayanan yana nufin dabi'un kirtani. Matsakaicin rubutun shi ne haruffa 268435456 a cikin sel guda.
Don shigar da magana ta harafi, kuna buƙatar zaɓar rubutu ko sigar tsararren tsari wacce za'a adana shi, kuma rubuta rubutu daga maballin. Idan tsawon rubutun magana ya wuce iyakokin gani na tantanin halitta, to ya fi kan maƙwabta kusa, kodayake ana ci gaba da adana shi a cikin tantanin halitta.
Lambar lambobi
Don ƙididdigar kai tsaye, ana amfani da bayanan lambobi. Yana tare da su cewa Excel ta gudanar da ayyukan lissafi daban-daban (ƙari, rarrabuwa, rarrabuwa, rarrabuwa, ƙaddamarwa, hakar tushen, da sauransu). Wannan nau'in bayanan an yi nufin kawai don rubuta lambobi, amma kuma suna iya ƙunsar haruffa masu taimako (%, $, da sauransu). Dangane da shi, zaka iya amfani da nau'ikan nau'ikan tsari:
- A zahiri lambobi;
- Sha'awa;
- Kudi;
- Kudi;
- Ctionarshe;
- Exponential.
Bugu da kari, Excel na da ikon rushe lambobi zuwa lambobi, da kuma tantance adadin lambobi bayan ma'adanar decimal (a cikin lambobi).
Shigar da bayanan lambobi ana yi ne daidai da ƙimar rubutu, wanda muka yi magana game da sama.
Kwanan wata da lokaci
Wani nau'in bayanai shine lokaci da tsarin kwanan wata. Wannan haka yake a yayin da nau'ikan bayanai da nau'ikan bayanai iri ɗaya ne. An nuna shi ta hanyar gaskiyar cewa ana iya amfani dashi don nunawa akan takarda kuma aiwatar da lissafin tare da kwanakin da lokuta. Abin lura ne cewa a cikin lissafin wannan nau'in bayanan yana ɗaukar rana ɗaya a raka'a. Kuma wannan ya shafi ba kawai ga kwanakin ba, har ma zuwa lokaci. Misali, 12:30 ana daukar wannan shirin azaman kwanaki 0,52083, sannan kawai sai aka nuna shi a cikin tantanin halitta wanda ya saba wa mai amfani.
Akwai nau'ikan nau'ikan tsara bayanai na lokaci:
- h: mm: ss;
- h: mm;
- h: mm: s AM AM / PM;
- h: mm AM / PM, da sauransu.
Yanayi mai kama da wannan yana tare da kwanakin:
- DD.MM.YYYY;
- DD.MMM
- MMM.YY da sauransu.
Haka kuma akwai haɗin tsarin kwanan wata da lokaci, misali DD: MM: YYYY h: mm.
Hakanan kuna buƙatar la'akari da cewa shirin yana nuna kwanakin kawai azaman kwanakin ne daga 01/01/1900 kamar kwanan wata.
Darasi: Yadda ake sauya awa zuwa mintuna a cikin Excel
Bayanai na hankali
Abin ban sha'awa shine nau'in bayanan ma'ana. Yana aiki tare da dabi'u biyu kawai: "GASKIYA" da KARYA. Don yin karin gishiri, yana nufin "taron ya iso" kuma "taron bai zo ba." Ayyuka, sarrafa abubuwan da ke cikin sel wanda ya ƙunshi bayanan ma'ana, aiwatar da wasu ƙididdigar.
Kuskuren kuskure
Wani nau'in bayanan daban shine dabi'un kuskure. A mafi yawan lokuta, suna bayyana lokacin da aka yi aiki da ba daidai ba. Misali, irin waɗannan ayyukan da ba daidai ba sun haɗa da rarraba ta hanyar sifili ko gabatar da aiki ba tare da lura da syntax ba. Daga cikin halayen kuskure, an rarrabe masu zuwa:
- #VALUE! - amfani da nau'in gardama mara kyau ga aikin;
- #DEL / Oh! - rarrabuwa ta 0;
- # NUMBER! - ba daidai ba adadi na lissafi;
- # N / A - an shigar da ƙimar da ba ta dace ba;
- #NAME? - sunan ba daidai ba a cikin dabara;
- # KYAUTATA! - shigar da ba daidai ba na adreshin yanki;
- #LINK! - yana faruwa lokacin goge sel wanda dabara yake magana a kai.
Tsarin tsari
Separateungiyar babban rukuni na nau'ikan bayanai sune dabaru. Ba kamar antsan adam ba, mafi yawan lokuta su kansu ba a bayyane su a cikin sel, amma suna nuna sakamako ne kawai da zai iya bambanta, dangane da canji a cikin muhawara. Musamman, ana amfani da dabaru don lissafin lissafi daban-daban. Tsarin kanta ana iya gani a cikin masarar dabara, yana nuna alamar tantanin halitta a ciki.
Da farko abin da ake bukata don shirin tsinkaye magana a matsayin tsari shine kasancewar alamar daidai a gabanta. (=).
Ulaa'idodi na iya ƙunsar hanyar haɗi zuwa wasu ƙwayoyin, amma wannan ba wani abu ake bukata ba ne.
Wani nau'in dabarun rarrabe abubuwa ayyuka. Waɗannan sune ayyukan yau da kullun waɗanda ke ƙunshe da tsarin kafa hujja da aiwatar da su gwargwadon takamaiman aikin. Ana iya shigar da ayyukan hannu da hannu a cikin sel ta hanyar sanya alamar "=", amma zaka iya amfani da kwasfa mai hoto na musamman don waɗannan dalilai Mayan fasalin, wanda ya ƙunshi duka jerin masu aiki a cikin shirin, aka kasu kashi biyu.
Amfani Wizards na Aiki Kuna iya zuwa taga jituwa na takamaiman mai aiki. Bayanai ko hanyoyin haɗin jikin sel wanda aka shigar da wannan bayanan a cikin filayen sa. Bayan danna maballin "Ok" ajiyayyen aiki ana yi.
Darasi: Aiki tare da dabaru a Excel
Darasi: Wizard ɗin Aiki a cikin Excel
Kamar yadda kake gani, a cikin Excel akwai manyan rukuni biyu na nau'ikan bayanai: asalinsu da dabaru. Su, biyun, sun kasu zuwa wasu halittu da yawa. Kowane nau'in bayanan yana da kaddarorin kansa, la'akari da wanda shirin ke aiwatar da su. Jagora ikon ganewa da aiki tare da nau'ikan bayanan daban-daban shine aikin farko na kowane mai amfani da ke son koyon yadda ake amfani da Excel yadda ya dace don nufin da aka nufa.
